Do you know what cracking is?
Topic Overview - Hydrocarbons and Cracking
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Question 1 of 28Question 1
Arrange the following steps in the correct order to describe how crude oil is separated into more useful fractions.
- Fuel oil leaves second, followed by diesel oil.
- Crude oil is heated until it evaporates and then is pumped into the bottom of a fractionating column.
- Bitumen leaves first since it has the lowest boiling point and the column is hotter at the bottom.
- When hydrocarbons condense they drip into a tray and are removed in pipes.
- As the vapours rise they cool and different hydrocarbons condense due to their difference in boiling points.
- Petrol condenses and is removed.
- Kerosene condenses and is removed.
- At the top of the column, some gases leave as they have still not condensed.
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Question 2 of 28Question 2
Renewable, non-renewable
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Complete the sentence: Methane is a fossil fuel found in natural gas.
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Question 3 of 28Question 3
Renewable, non-renewable
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Finish the sentence: Petrol, kerosene and diesel oil are fossil fuels obtained from crude oil.
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Question 4 of 28Question 4
Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain which two elements only?
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Question 5 of 28Question 5
Hydrocarbons are separated in fractionating columns into fractions with similar properties. Fractions which are not very viscous and so flow easily also ignite easily. Which statement explains how viscosity differs within the column?
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Question 6 of 28Question 6
Hydrocarbons with the longest carbon chains have the highest boiling points. Where are the fractions with the smallest carbon chains removed in a fractionating column?
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Question 7 of 28Question 7
Drag and drop to match the hydrocarbon type with the correct use
- Petrol and diesel
- Fuel oil
- Kerosine
- Bitumen
- Hydrocarbon gases
- Cars
- Ships
- Aircraft
- Road and roof surfacing
- Cooking and heating
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Question 8 of 28Question 8
Which of the following statements are correct about crude oil?
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Question 9 of 28Question 9
Which process do we use to separate crude oil into more useful and simpler mixtures?
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Question 10 of 28Question 10
Why is bitumen not a good fuel?
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Question 11 of 28Question 11
Alkanes all have the same general formula. What is that formula?
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Question 12 of 28Question 12
Alkanes and alkenes are both part of a series, what is the name we give to the series?
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Question 13 of 28Question 13
Crude oil separated by fractional distillation creates unequal volumes of each fraction e.g. fuel oil. These unequal volumes also do not match the demand for each fraction. What process is carried out to balance out the supply with demand?
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Question 14 of 28Question 14
Select the accurate statements about alkanes.
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Question 15 of 28Question 15
The following equations show cracking of a long hydrocarbon into a shorter alkane and an alkene. Which equation is correct?
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Question 16 of 28Question 16
What is the formula that represents how much each alkane differs from each neighbouring compound?
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Question 17 of 28Question 17
Which descriptions are accurate about saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?
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Question 18 of 28Question 18
What is the purpose of cracking?
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Question 19 of 28Question 19
Which of the following is a difference between alkanes and alkenes?
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Question 20 of 28Question 20
How do sulfur compounds get into hydrocarbon fuels like petrol and diesel?
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Question 21 of 28Question 21
What is a common issue with soot (carbon) produced during combustion?
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Question 22 of 28Question 22
What toxic effects does carbon monoxide have on the body?
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Question 23 of 28Question 23
Which description best matches complete combustion?
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Question 24 of 28Question 24
Which gas that leads to acid rain is produced when hydrocarbons containing sulfur are burned?
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Question 25 of 28Question 25
Which of the following are causes of acid rain?
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Question 26 of 28Question 26
Which of the following are negative effects of acid rain?
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Question 27 of 28Question 27
Why does burning of fuel inside an internal combustion engine lead to the production of oxides of nitrogen?
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Question 28 of 28Question 28
Why is carbon and carbon monoxide produced during incomplete combustion?
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