#1. What are the monomers of carbohydrates?

nucleotides

DNA

amino acids

chloroplasts

glucose

fatty acids

mitochondria

#2. What are enzymes?

the movement of particles across a membrane against the concentration gradient

a molecule that is changed during a reaction

proteins which act as biological catalysts

building blocks of the basic macromolecules of life

the process by which plant cells get longer/bigger

#3. What are substrates?

the movement of particles across a membrane against the concentration gradient

the process by which plant cells get longer/bigger

a molecule that is changed during a reaction

proteins which act as biological catalysts

building blocks of the basic macromolecules of life

#4. What are the monomers of proteins?

amino acids

DNA

fatty acids

carbohydrates

chloroplasts

mitochondria

nucleotides

#5. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction lower at lower temperatures?

at low temperatures enyzmes close up their active sites and do not accept substrates

at low temperatures enzymes and substrates are moving slowly and are less likely to meet

#6. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction highest at an optimum pH?

at high and low pH the substrates and enzymes repel each other

above and below the optimum the shape of the active site is changed

it is not different and there is no optimum

#7. What is the role of protease?

synthesises glycogen from glucose

synthesises starch from glucose

breaks down fats in the diet

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

synthesises DNA from its monomers

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

breaks down proteins in the diet

#8. What is an active site?

A specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction takes place

the diameter of the area you can see through a microscope

a molecule that is changed during a reaction

#9. What is the Lock and Key Model of enzyme action?

the active site and the substrate fit exactly together

the active site changes to fit with new substrates over its lifetime

the active site is not related to enzyme action

the active site and substrate do not fit exactly together but the shape changes as they come together

#10. What is the role of catalase?

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

breaks down fats in the diet

breaks down proteins in the diet

synthesises glycogen from glucose

synthesises starch from glucose

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

synthesises DNA from its monomers

#11. What is the role of starch synthase?

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

synthesises DNA from its monomers

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

synthesises glycogen from glucose

synthesises starch from glucose

breaks down proteins in the diet

breaks down fats in the diet

#12. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction increase with greater substrate concentration?

The rate of reaction increases because there are available active sites, so more reactions take place

The rate of reaction increases because higher substrate concentration leads to warmer temperatures

The rate of reaction does not increase

#13. What is enzyme specificity?

the efficiency of an enzyme in catalysing reactions

describes the ability of an enzyme to catalyse only a particular reaction or set of reactions

the active site changes to fit with new substrates over its lifetime

#14. What is enzyme activity?

describes the ability of an enzyme to catalyse only a particular reaction or set of reactions

the active site changes to fit with new substrates over its lifetime

the efficiency of an enzyme in catalysing reactions

#15. What is the role of lipase?

synthesises DNA from its monomers

synthesises glycogen from glucose

synthesises starch from glucose

breaks down fats in the diet

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

breaks down proteins in the diet

#16. Why is catalysis by enzymes important for life processes?

It slows down and prevents negative chemical reactions

It speeds up and facilitates chemical reactions

#17. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction go down as temperature increases past the optimum level?

high temperatures cause the substrate to move too quickly to find an enzyme

high temperatures cause the substrate to dissolve

high temperatures cause denaturation - changing the shape of the active site

#18. What is the role of amylase?

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

synthesises DNA from its monomers

breaks down proteins in the diet

synthesises glycogen from glucose

synthesises starch from glucose

breaks down fats in the diet

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

#19. What is the role of glycogen synthase?

synthesises starch from glucose

synthesises DNA from its monomers

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

synthesises glycogen from glucose

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

breaks down fats in the diet

breaks down proteins in the diet

#20. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction plateau at a certain substrate concentration? ? plateau means level out

it does not plateau

rate of reaction plateaus because above a certain substrate concentration, pH rises causing denaturation

all of the active sites are occupied and so additional substrates cannot find an active site

Topic Overview - Enzymes and Nutrition

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Results

#1. What are the monomers of carbohydrates?

#2. What are enzymes?

#3. What are substrates?

#4. What are the monomers of proteins?

#5. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction lower at lower temperatures?

#6. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction highest at an optimum pH?

#7. What is the role of protease?

#8. What is an active site?

#9. What is the Lock and Key Model of enzyme action?

#10. What is the role of catalase?

#11. What is the role of starch synthase?

#12. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction increase with greater substrate concentration?

#13. What is enzyme specificity?

#14. What is enzyme activity?

#15. What is the role of lipase?

#16. Why is catalysis by enzymes important for life processes?

#17. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction go down as temperature increases past the optimum level?

#18. What is the role of amylase?

#19. What is the role of glycogen synthase?

#20. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction plateau at a certain substrate concentration? ? plateau means level out

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