Topic Overview - Enzymes and Nutrition

#1. What are the monomers of fats/lipids?

chloroplasts

DNA

mitochondria

fatty acids

nucleotides

proteins

carbohydrates

amino acids

#2. What is an active site?

A specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction takes place

the diameter of the area you can see through a microscope

a molecule that is changed during a reaction

#3. What are substrates?

a molecule that is changed during a reaction

the process by which plant cells get longer/bigger

proteins which act as biological catalysts

the movement of particles across a membrane against the concentration gradient

building blocks of the basic macromolecules of life

#4. What are enzymes?

the process by which plant cells get longer/bigger

building blocks of the basic macromolecules of life

a molecule that is changed during a reaction

the movement of particles across a membrane against the concentration gradient

proteins which act as biological catalysts

#5. What is the Lock and Key Model of enzyme action?

the active site is not related to enzyme action

the active site and the substrate fit exactly together

the active site and substrate do not fit exactly together but the shape changes as they come together

the active site changes to fit with new substrates over its lifetime

#6. What are the monomers of proteins?

fatty acids

carbohydrates

chloroplasts

nucleotides

DNA

mitochondria

amino acids

#7. What is the Induced Fit Model of enzyme action?

the active site changes to fit with new substrates over its lifetime

the active site is not related to enzyme action

the active site and the substrate fit exactly together

the active site and substrate do not fit exactly together but the shape changes as they come together

#8. What are the monomers of carbohydrates?

mitochondria

amino acids

DNA

chloroplasts

glucose

fatty acids

nucleotides

#9. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction increase with greater substrate concentration?

The rate of reaction increases because there are available active sites, so more reactions take place

The rate of reaction does not increase

The rate of reaction increases because higher substrate concentration leads to warmer temperatures

#10. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction lower at lower temperatures?

at low temperatures enyzmes close up their active sites and do not accept substrates

at low temperatures enzymes and substrates are moving slowly and are less likely to meet

#11. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction plateau at a certain substrate concentration? ? plateau means level out

it does not plateau

rate of reaction plateaus because above a certain substrate concentration, pH rises causing denaturation

all of the active sites are occupied and so additional substrates cannot find an active site

#12. What is the role of lipase?

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

synthesises starch from glucose

breaks down fats in the diet

synthesises glycogen from glucose

breaks down proteins in the diet

synthesises DNA from its monomers

#13. What is enzyme activity?

the efficiency of an enzyme in catalysing reactions

describes the ability of an enzyme to catalyse only a particular reaction or set of reactions

the active site changes to fit with new substrates over its lifetime

#14. What is the role of protease?

synthesises DNA from its monomers

breaks down proteins in the diet

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

breaks down fats in the diet

synthesises starch from glucose

synthesises glycogen from glucose

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

#15. What is the role of glycogen synthase?

synthesises starch from glucose

synthesises glycogen from glucose

breaks down proteins in the diet

synthesises DNA from its monomers

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

breaks down fats in the diet

#16. What is the role of starch synthase?

breaks down fats in the diet

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

synthesises DNA from its monomers

breaks down proteins in the diet

synthesises starch from glucose

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

synthesises glycogen from glucose

#17. What is the role of amylase?

synthesises DNA from its monomers

synthesises glycogen from glucose

synthesises starch from glucose

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

breaks down fats in the diet

breaks down proteins in the diet

#18. What is enzyme specificity?

the active site changes to fit with new substrates over its lifetime

describes the ability of an enzyme to catalyse only a particular reaction or set of reactions

the efficiency of an enzyme in catalysing reactions

#19. What is the role of DNA synthase?

synthesises starch from glucose

synthesises DNA from its monomers

synthesises glycogen from glucose

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

breaks down proteins in the diet

breaks down fats in the diet

#20. What are the basic macromolecules?

Select all that apply:

proteins

carbohydrates

nucleotides

chloroplasts

DNA

lipids/fats

amino acids

mitochondria

#21. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction go down as temperature increases past the optimum level?

high temperatures cause denaturation - changing the shape of the active site

high temperatures cause the substrate to dissolve

high temperatures cause the substrate to move too quickly to find an enzyme

#22. What is the role of catalase?

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

breaks down proteins in the diet

synthesises glycogen from glucose

breaks down fats in the diet

synthesises starch from glucose

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

synthesises DNA from its monomers

#23. Why is catalysis by enzymes important for life processes?

it speeds up and facilitates chemical reactions

the active site changes to fit with new substrates over its lifetime

#24. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction highest at an optimum pH

it is not different and there is no optimum

at high and low pH the substrates and enzymes repel each other

above and below the optimum the shape of the active site is changed

Topic Overview - Enzymes and Nutrition

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Results

#1. What are the monomers of fats/lipids?

#2. What is an active site?

#3. What are substrates?

#4. What are enzymes?

#5. What is the Lock and Key Model of enzyme action?

#6. What are the monomers of proteins?

#7. What is the Induced Fit Model of enzyme action?

#8. What are the monomers of carbohydrates?

#9. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction increase with greater substrate concentration?

#10. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction lower at lower temperatures?

#11. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction plateau at a certain substrate concentration? ? plateau means level out

#12. What is the role of lipase?

#13. What is enzyme activity?

#14. What is the role of protease?

#15. What is the role of glycogen synthase?

#16. What is the role of starch synthase?

#17. What is the role of amylase?

#18. What is enzyme specificity?

#19. What is the role of DNA synthase?

#20. What are the basic macromolecules?

#21. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction go down as temperature increases past the optimum level?

#22. What is the role of catalase?

#23. Why is catalysis by enzymes important for life processes?

#24. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction highest at an optimum pH

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