GCSE OCR Chemistry B Paper 2 Automarked

#1. What state of matter has particles which are far apart and move around independently?

gases

solids

liquids

#2. True or false – Precipitation reactions can be either exothermic or endothermic.

True

False

#3. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion hydroxide?

OH⁻

NO₃⁻

CO₃²⁻

NH₄⁺

SO₄²⁻

SO₃²⁻

#4. What is the electronic configuration of a nitrogen atom? ? you might need a periodic table to answer this question

2,7

2,8,5

2,5

#5. What is the chemical symbol for sodium?

#6. Which of these best describes metallic bonding?

Metal atoms share their electrons in order to fill their electron shells, this causes an attraction between the positive nuclei and shared electrons.

Metal atoms lose their electrons to non-metal atoms which then creates positive and negative ions which are attracted by electrostatic attraction.

Metal atoms lose their electrons to a delocalised pool and all of the metal ions are mutually attracted to the delocalised pool, holding all of the ions together.

#7. Most ionic bonds are formed between which groups?

metals and metals

non-metals and non-metals

metals and non-metals

#8. Strong acids do what in water? ? two words

#9. Which processes can we use for purifying sea water?

Select all that apply:

filtration

distillation

reverse osmosis

#10. What is the chemical symbol for calcium?

#11. What is the chemical symbol for phosphorus?

#12. Which of these is the mobile phase in paper chromatography?

the ink

the solvent

the paper

#13. What state of matter has particles which are close together and move around each other?

liquids

solids

gases

#14. Calculate the relative formula mass of carbon monoxide (CO) to 2 decimal places. Carbon Aᵣ = 12, Oxygen Aᵣ = 16.

#15. Complete the following equation describing a reaction with a metal carbonate and an acid: metal carbonate + acid → …. + …. + ….

Select all that apply:

salt

ozone

carbon dioxide

oxygen

water

#16. How many sulfur atoms will react with two lithium atoms to form an ionic compound?

1

3

2

#17. What is the current composition of the Earth’s atmosphere?

78% oxygen, 21% nitrogen, 0.9% argon, and 0.1% other gases

78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, and 0.1% other gases

78% carbon dioxide, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, and 0.1% other gases

#18. Which description most accurately describes covalent bonding

electrons are transferred between atoms

electrons are shared between atoms

#19. What is the chemical symbol for silver?

#20. During a neutralisation reaction which salt is formed from hydrochloric acid?

borate

sulfate

carbonate

chloride

nitrate

#21. Do non-metals usually have a high or low density?

Low

High

#22. What are positive ions called?

cations

anions

#23. What is the relative mass of a proton?

1

1/1840

2

#24. Which evidence provides information about carbon dioxide concentration and global temperatures?

Ice cores which trap atmospheric gases when snow falls producing layers over time

Using the oldest continuous temperature measurements from humans and using computers to predict long term trends with this data

#25. Copper can be purified using electrolysis of copper sulfate solution. For this process we use the setup in the image below. Complete the half equation for the reaction at the anode. Cu → ….. + …..

Cu⁺ + e

Cu²⁺ + 2e

SO₃²⁻ + 2e

#26. What is the formula for potassium oxide? ? you might need a periodic table to answer this question

#27. What is the chemical symbol for helium?

#28. Which of these is a problem with dot and cross diagrams?

They do not show how the structure formed and suggest that the electrons in different atoms are different, but they are actually the same

The model shows the atoms as being too far apart and there are no sticks

The model does not show that the ions will be constantly vibrating

#29. Why does graphite conduct electricity?

Because it has more protons than electrons, this gives it a positive charge and enables it to carry a charge

Because it has only three covalent bonds, leaving one delocalised electron from each atom. These electrons are able to carry the charge.

#30. What is the name of the phase change from gas to solid?

condensation

melting

sublimation

deposition

evaporation/boiling

freezing

#31. Which of the following descriptions matches the term empirical formula?

Represents the simplest integer ratio of atoms or ions of each element in a compound

Represents the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule

Is the sum of the relative atomic masses

#32. Which of the following items would you need to perform crystallisation by heating? ? 6 items

Select all that apply:

filter paper

an evaporating basin

tripod

a heatproof mat

filter funnel

a bunsen burner

a beaker

gauze

#33. Are non-metals usually shiny or dull in colour?

Dull

Shiny

#34. What is the formula for potassium hydroxide?

HNO₃

Ca(OH)₂

KOH

NaOH

HCL

H₂SO₄

#35. Why did the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere decrease after the oceans formed?

Carbon dioxide was split by photolysis, producing pure carbon which rained down as a solid.

Carbon dioxide escaped the atmosphere as the Earth's spin increased in speed, causing an increase the centrifugal force

Carbon dioxide dissolved into the oceans and sea organisms used carbon in their shells as calcium carbonate

#36. Chlorine has two stable isotopes, ³⁵Cl (75.77%) and ³⁷Cl (24.23%). Calculate the Aᵣ of chlorine to 2 decimal places.

#37. Complete the following half equation for a reaction the cathode during electrolysis of molten lead bromide. Pb²⁺ + 2e → …..

Pb

2Pb

Ld

#38. What is the difference in concentration between pH 6 and pH 4?

10,000x

100x

1x

10x

1000x

#39. Which of the following descriptions matches the Aᵣ of an element?

The sum of the relative atomic masses of all of the atoms or ions in its formula

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms

The mean mass of an atom compared with carbon-12

#40. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion ammonium?

NH₄⁺

OH⁻

CO₃²⁻

SO₄²⁻

SO₃²⁻

NO₃⁻

#41. In an experiment to measure the rate of photosynthesis of pondweed in a test tube, the number of bubbles (oxygen) produced per minute is used to determine the rate of reaction. What is this experiment actually measuring?

The mass of the reactants of the reaction

The volume of the reactants of the reaction

The volume of the products of the reaction

The mass of the products of the reaction

The concentration of the products of the reaction

#42. Is it possible to control the rate of reaction?

No

Yes

#43. When a mixture of rocks, salt and water is filtered, what will be the residue?

salt

rocks

water

sand

#44. Complete the equation: HCl (aq) → H⁺(aq) + …..

Cl⁻(aq)

Cl⁻(s)

Cl⁻(l)

#45. Fill in the gap. Metal atoms bond forming a giant ……… of ions.

Lattice

Anchor

Ball

Lettuce

#46. Complete the equation: NaOH(aq) → Na⁺(aq) + ….

OH⁻(aq)

NO⁻(aq)

HO⁻(aq)

#47. Why do we use distilled water for chemical analysis?

distilled water is cheaper than tap water

distilled water is warmer so it is better for conducting chemical analysis

tap water contains small amounts of dissolved salts which could contaminate the results

#48. Why do both graphite and diamond have high melting points?

Many strong covalent bonds need to be broken in order to melt the solid forms of diamond and graphite.

All materials made of carbon have a high melting point, that is why carbon is added to iron to make steel.

#49. Calculate the relative formula mass of water. Hydrogen Aᵣ = 1, Oxygen Aᵣ = 16.

#50. Calcium nitrate contains the polyatomic ion NO₃⁻ (nitrate) and calcium. How many nitrate ions will be needed to make one molecule of calcium nitrate?

1

2

3

#51. Which of the following are weak acids?

Select all that apply:

sulfuric acid

hydrochloric acid

ethanoic acid

nitric acid

carbonic acid

boric acid

#52. What evidence supports the notion that human activities are contributing to climate change?

Correlation between increases in atmospheric temperatures and historic releases of greenhouse gases, due to combustion of fossil fuels

Gradual climate warming has occurred since the evolution of our species

#53. What is the mass number of an element?

the number of protons plus neutrons

the total number of subatomic particles in an atom

#54. Which of the following descriptions matches the term molecular formula?

Represents the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule

Represents the simplest integer ratio of atoms or ions of each element in a compound

Is the sum of the relative atomic masses

#55. What is the chemical symbol for iron?

#56. What is the charge of a neutron?

+1

-1

0

#57. What is the chemical symbol for hydrogen?

#58. Solutions of pH 7 are?

alkaline

acidic

neutral

#59. What type of substance is the air?

Select all that apply:

Mixture

Compound

Element

#60. The graph shows a heating curve for substance X (red) and substance Y (blue). Is substance Y a pure or impure substance?

Pure

Impure

#61. Which of the following describes the Plum Pudding Model of atomic structure?

A central nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons at discrete energy levels (shells)

A mass of positively charged material with negatively charged electrons distributed throughout it

#62. Why is there a minimum energy required for reactions to occur?

High energies cause spontaneous rearrangement of particles without impacts between them

High collision energies are more likely to break chemical bonds

#63. Which geological process formed Earth’s atmosphere?

Volcanism

Continental drift

Earthquakes

Glaciation

#64. The graph shows a heating curve for substance X (red) and substance Y (blue). Is substance X a pure or impure substance?

Pure

Impure

#65. Ernest Rutherford fired positive particles at a thin gold foil and showed that most of atoms is empty space. Which particles did he fire at the gold foil?

beta particles

gamma rays

alpha particles

#66. Why did Ernest Rutherford’s experiments with gold foil demonstrate that most of atoms consists of empty space?

Most of the particles were destroyed when they met protons in the nucleus

Most of the atoms passed straight through the foil

Most of the atoms were deflected or bounced back

#67. Do metals usually have a high or low melting point?

High

Low

#68. What is a simple molecular structure?

a giant structure where each atom has a covalent bond to its neighbour

a compound which contains atoms covalently bonded together, but with weak intermolecular forces between molecules

Ionically bonded substances such as sodium bromide

#69. Fractional distillation is used to separate which types of materials?

separate different types of liquids

separate soluble materials from insoluble materials

separating soluble compounds

#70. What is a solution called when it contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a particular temperature?

flaccid

saturated

dilute

#71. Which type of reaction takes in energy, making the surroundings cooler?

Exothermic

Ectothermic

Endothermic

#72. Hydrogen has two stable isotopes, ¹H (abundance – 99.972%) and ²H (abundance – 0.001%). Calculate the Aᵣ of hydrogen. Answer to 3 decimal places.

#73. Does increasing the pressure of gases increase the rate of reaction?

Sometimes

No

Yes

#74. Which of these descriptions best describes fullerenes?

Fullerenes are the same as simple molecular compounds

Fullerenes are a group of extremely hard non-metal substances that are typically found deep underground.

Fullerenes are tubes or balls of carbon atoms with each carbon covalently bonded to three other carbons.

#75. What is the formula for calcium hydroxide?

Ca(OH)₂

KOH

NaOH

HNO₃

HCL

H₂SO₄

#76. Oxygen is in group 6 and fluorine is in group 7. How many fluorine atoms bond with one oxygen atom?

#77. Which of the following items would you need to perform filtration?

Select all that apply:

a tripod

a beaker

a bunsen burner

gauze

an evaporating basin

filter paper

filter funnel

#78. After paper chromatography has been carried out, the paper is known as?

a chromatogram

a wet piece of paper

a still

#79. Relative atomic mass used to have a different name. What was that name?

Molecular molar mass

Relative formula mass

Atomic weight

#80. Iron is turned into iron oxide when exposed to the air. This is a process also known as rusting. Is the rate of reaction fast or slow in rusting?

Slow

Fast

#81. Greenhouse effect 2) Fill in the blanks: Greenhouse gases such as ……….. , …………. and ……….. absorb infrared radiation from the Earth and re-emit it back to the Earth’s surface, causing warming.

Carbon dioxide, oxygen and water vapour

Carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour

Carbon dioxide, water vapour and nitrogen

#82. What does the atomic number of an element mean?

The number of electrons in shells surrounding the nucleus

The number of neutrons in its nucleus

The number of protons in its nucleus

#83. Which of the following are strong acids?

Select all that apply:

ethanoic acid

hydrochloric acid

carbonic acid

sulfuric acid

boric acid

nitric acid

#84. Which of these is the stationary phase in paper chromatography?

the paper

the ink

the solvent

#85. During a neutralisation reaction which salt is formed from nitric acid?

Nitrate

Borate

Chloride

Sulfate

Carbonate

#86. What is the approximate radius of a nucleus?

1 x 10⁻⁵

1 x 10⁻¹⁵

1 x 10⁻⁴

1 x 10⁻³

#87. Complete the equation: H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → ….

2H₂O(l)

CO₂(g)

H₂O(l)

OH₂(aq)

Remember:

acids produce an excess of hydrogen ions

alkalis produce an excess of hydroxide ions

hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions come together to make water which is neutral.

#88. What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

NaOH

HCL

Ca(OH)₂

HNO₃

KOH

H₂SO₄

#89. In aqueous solutions such as sodium chloride solution, there will be negatively charged ions from the salt (Cl⁻) as well as hydroxide ions (OH⁻). What is the rule that determines which will be discharged at the anode.

Always the hydroxide, unless a halide (group 7) is present.

Always the other ions and never the hydroxide

Always the hydroxide regardless of the other ions

#90. Why does the temperature of a material stay constant during the transition from liquid to gas?

the particles are breaking the bonds with surrounding particles - this takes energy

the particles are figuring out what to do

the temperature is not relevant to states of matter

GCSE OCR Chemistry B Paper 2

Good Luck!

Results

#1. What state of matter has particles which are far apart and move around independently?

#2. True or false – Precipitation reactions can be either exothermic or endothermic.

#3. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion hydroxide?

#4. What is the electronic configuration of a nitrogen atom? ? you might need a periodic table to answer this question

#5. What is the chemical symbol for sodium?

#6. Which of these best describes metallic bonding?

#7. Most ionic bonds are formed between which groups?

#8. Strong acids do what in water? ? two words

#9. Which processes can we use for purifying sea water?

#10. What is the chemical symbol for calcium?

#11. What is the chemical symbol for phosphorus?

#12. Which of these is the mobile phase in paper chromatography?

#13. What state of matter has particles which are close together and move around each other?

#14. Calculate the relative formula mass of carbon monoxide (CO) to 2 decimal places. Carbon Aᵣ = 12, Oxygen Aᵣ = 16.

#15. Complete the following equation describing a reaction with a metal carbonate and an acid: metal carbonate + acid → …. + …. + ….

#16. How many sulfur atoms will react with two lithium atoms to form an ionic compound?

#17. What is the current composition of the Earth’s atmosphere?

#18. Which description most accurately describes covalent bonding

#19. What is the chemical symbol for silver?

#20. During a neutralisation reaction which salt is formed from hydrochloric acid?

#21. Do non-metals usually have a high or low density?

#22. What are positive ions called?

#23. What is the relative mass of a proton?

#24. Which evidence provides information about carbon dioxide concentration and global temperatures?

#25. Copper can be purified using electrolysis of copper sulfate solution. For this process we use the setup in the image below. Complete the half equation for the reaction at the anode. Cu → ….. + …..

#26. What is the formula for potassium oxide? ? you might need a periodic table to answer this question

#27. What is the chemical symbol for helium?

#28. Which of these is a problem with dot and cross diagrams?

#29. Why does graphite conduct electricity?

#30. What is the name of the phase change from gas to solid?

#31. Which of the following descriptions matches the term empirical formula?

#32. Which of the following items would you need to perform crystallisation by heating? ? 6 items

#33. Are non-metals usually shiny or dull in colour?

#34. What is the formula for potassium hydroxide?

#35. Why did the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere decrease after the oceans formed?

#36. Chlorine has two stable isotopes, ³⁵Cl (75.77%) and ³⁷Cl (24.23%). Calculate the Aᵣ of chlorine to 2 decimal places.

#37. Complete the following half equation for a reaction the cathode during electrolysis of molten lead bromide. Pb²⁺ + 2e → …..

#38. What is the difference in concentration between pH 6 and pH 4?

#39. Which of the following descriptions matches the Aᵣ of an element?

#40. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion ammonium?

#41. In an experiment to measure the rate of photosynthesis of pondweed in a test tube, the number of bubbles (oxygen) produced per minute is used to determine the rate of reaction. What is this experiment actually measuring?

#42. Is it possible to control the rate of reaction?

#43. When a mixture of rocks, salt and water is filtered, what will be the residue?

#44. Complete the equation: HCl (aq) → H⁺(aq) + …..

#45. Fill in the gap. Metal atoms bond forming a giant ……… of ions.

#46. Complete the equation: NaOH(aq) → Na⁺(aq) + ….

#47. Why do we use distilled water for chemical analysis?

#48. Why do both graphite and diamond have high melting points?

#49. Calculate the relative formula mass of water. Hydrogen Aᵣ = 1, Oxygen Aᵣ = 16.

#50. Calcium nitrate contains the polyatomic ion NO₃⁻ (nitrate) and calcium. How many nitrate ions will be needed to make one molecule of calcium nitrate?

#51. Which of the following are weak acids?

#52. What evidence supports the notion that human activities are contributing to climate change?

#53. What is the mass number of an element?

#54. Which of the following descriptions matches the term molecular formula?

#55. What is the chemical symbol for iron?

#56. What is the charge of a neutron?

#57. What is the chemical symbol for hydrogen?

#58. Solutions of pH 7 are?

#59. What type of substance is the air?

#60. The graph shows a heating curve for substance X (red) and substance Y (blue). Is substance Y a pure or impure substance?

#61. Which of the following describes the Plum Pudding Model of atomic structure?

#62. Why is there a minimum energy required for reactions to occur?

#63. Which geological process formed Earth’s atmosphere?

#64. The graph shows a heating curve for substance X (red) and substance Y (blue). Is substance X a pure or impure substance?

#65. Ernest Rutherford fired positive particles at a thin gold foil and showed that most of atoms is empty space. Which particles did he fire at the gold foil?

#66. Why did Ernest Rutherford’s experiments with gold foil demonstrate that most of atoms consists of empty space?

#67. Do metals usually have a high or low melting point?

#68. What is a simple molecular structure?

#69. Fractional distillation is used to separate which types of materials?

#70. What is a solution called when it contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a particular temperature?

#71. Which type of reaction takes in energy, making the surroundings cooler?

#72. Hydrogen has two stable isotopes, ¹H (abundance – 99.972%) and ²H (abundance – 0.001%). Calculate the Aᵣ of hydrogen. Answer to 3 decimal places.

#73. Does increasing the pressure of gases increase the rate of reaction?

#74. Which of these descriptions best describes fullerenes?

#75. What is the formula for calcium hydroxide?

#76. Oxygen is in group 6 and fluorine is in group 7. How many fluorine atoms bond with one oxygen atom?

#77. Which of the following items would you need to perform filtration?