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GCSE OCR Combined Science A Papers 2 and 8
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#1. How can we increase the accuracy of abundance estimates?
#2. Respiration from animals is a source of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere – do plants also use respiration?
#3. Which of these is an example of a mutualistic relationship? 1) An insect and a flower 2) A vampire bat and a cow 3) A tick and a dog
#4. By which process does water in the clouds move onto land?
#5. How can parasites affect the nutrition of their hosts?
#6. What do we call the process by which farmers change the crops they grow each year to maintain nitrogen in the soil?
#7. Why do plants need nitrogen?
#8. Which of the following plants have a mutualistic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
Select all that apply:
#9. How does nitrogen in plants get into the soil?
#10. Why do we use systematic or random sampling of an area to determine the distribution or abundance of organisms?
#11. What is the correct order of groups in the Linnaean Classification system?
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#12. By which process does water in the atmosphere become part of clouds?
#13. We sometimes use a transect to perform systematic sampling. This involves which of the following?
#14. What is the binomial name for humans?
#15. Nitrogen is often found in a particular form in the soil what is this form?
#16. Sometimes it is not possible to measure the number of organisms in a transect, for example when measuring the distribution of plants. In this case we use an alternative measure called what?
#17. Match the description to the correct term. All of the individuals of a species that live in a particular woodland.
#18. What do we call animals that are eaten by other animals?
#19. In parasitic feeding relationships there are two elements – what are they?
#20. Which type of factor is parasitism?
#21. What does abundance measure?
#22. Which of these is an ecosystem?
#23. Match the description to the correct term. All of the organisms that live in a particular pond.
#24. What natural source of nitrogen is sometimes added to fields by farmers?
#25. Which of the following can we use to investigate the effect of abiotic factors on the distribution of organisms?
#26. In mutualistic feeding relationships – which organisms benefit?
#27. Complete the equation used to calculate population size: population size = ………….. x total size of it habitat / total area of quadrats
#28. The binomial name for tigers is Felis tigris. Which part of the name represents the genus?
#29. Name two resources that both animals and plants need to survive and reproduce? ? structure your answer like this: ..... and .....
#30. Which type of factor is water availability?
#31. Which type of factor is disease?
#32. Which of these is an example of a parasitic relationship? 1) An insect and a flower 2) A vampire bat and a cow 3) A coral polyp and single-celled algae
#33. Is this relationship parasitic or mutualistic? A crocodile which lets a small bird feed on leftover meat between its teeth
#34. How much of the atmosphere is composed of nitrogen?
#35. In typical feeding relationships there are two elements – what are they?
#36. What do we call animals that eat both other animals and plants?
#37. How do most plants get their nitrogen?
#38. Which type of factor is air temperature?
#39. Which are the two kinds of sampling we normally use?
Select all that apply:
#40. In a scientific investigation, you and two others randomly sample a rocky shore using quadrats. You find that on average there are 2 crabs per quadrat and the whole shore would be covered by 150 quadrats. Estimate how many crabs are on the whole shore.
#41. What are abiotic factors?
#42. Who invented the binomial naming system?
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#43. Where are nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in plants such as peas and beans?
#44. How do we describe the periodic changes in population size of predators and prey – explained by increases in numbers of predators due to increased numbers of prey and then decreasing numbers of prey due to increasing numbers of predators and so on?
#45. If grass is eaten by a rabbit and a rabbit is eaten by a hawk. What level of consumer is the hawk?
#46. By which process does water in the oceans and lakes move into the atmosphere?
#47. Which of the following is the source of oil and gas?
#48. In some areas where there are poor soils (not enough nitrogen) carnivorous plants have adapted to get their nitrogen from which source?
#49. What do we call animals that only eat plants?
#50. Which of the following organisms belong to the kingdom – animals?
Select all that apply:
#51. When fossil fuels are burned they release carbon into the atmosphere – which of the following are fossil fuels?
#52. Predators are essential for healthy ecosystems – what happens if predators are removed due to extinction?
#53. Which square instrument do we use for randomly sampling population sizes?
#54. Which type of factor is competition?
#55. The 5 kingdoms of life are Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Prokaryotes. Which kingdom do algae belong to?
#56. Which of the following is the source of coal?
#57. Is the following statement accurate? Lightning can cause atmospheric nitrogen to be released into the rain and be washed into the soil?
#58. What is groundwater?
#59. Which of the following are strategies organisms use to adapt to changing abiotic conditions?
Select all that apply: