GCSE OCR Chemistry B Paper 1 Automarked

#1. During crystallisation, there is a risk of spitting which could cause harm. Which of the following could reduce the risk?

Select all that apply:

wearing eye protection

putting a cover over the evaporating dish

using steam to heat the evaporating basin carefully

removing the bunsen burner before solution is dry

#2. Which evidence provides information about carbon dioxide concentration and global temperatures?

Using the oldest continuous temperature measurements from humans and using computers to predict long term trends with this data

Ice cores which trap atmospheric gases when snow falls producing layers over time

#3. What is the approximate radius of an atom?

1 x 10⁻¹⁵

1 x 10⁻³

1 x 10⁻¹⁰

1 x 10⁻³

#4. What is the charge of an electron?

0

-1

+1

#5. What is the freezing point of water?

66.5˚C

30˚C

0˚C

100˚C

25˚C

55˚C

#6. Which description best describes a compound?

contains more than one type of atoms, chemically bonded together

contains only one type of atom

contains more than one type of atoms, but not chemically bonded together

#7. Acids produce an excess of what when they dissolve in water?

carbonate ions

hydrogen ions

sulfate ions

hydroxide ions

#8. Why did the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere increase over time?

Oxygen was released during the Great Oxidation Period from extensive volcanic activity

Oxygen present in the Earth's mantle, seeped out over time and escaped via deep ocean ridges

Plants and other organisms began to perform photosynthesis, producing oxygen gas

#9. The table shows 3 substances and their melting points. What common substance, in particular, could substance Z be?

#10. What do we use fullerenes for?

as fuel in high performance internal combustion engines and in electric car batteries

nanoelectronics, delivery of medicines within the body and strengthening tennis racket frames

#11. Which type of reaction is photosynthesis?

Endothermic

Ectothermic

Exothermic

#12. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion carbonate?

CO₃²⁻

SO₃²⁻

NH₄⁺

OH⁻

SO₄²⁻

NO₃⁻

#13. During Ernest Rutherford’s experiments with gold foil, why did some of the particles bounce back?

Alpha particles behave in unpredictable ways and can randomly change direction due to quantum effects

He fired electrons at the gold foil and when they met protons they were reflected back

Alpha particles are positively charged, they were deflected when they met the positively charged protons in the nucleus

#14. Which of these is the mobile phase in paper chromatography?

the solvent

the ink

the paper

#15. What is the chemical symbol for sodium?

#16. What method can we use to separate multiple types of liquids?

#17. What is the chemical symbol for sulfur?

#18. What is the chemical symbol for chlorine?

#19. What type of substance is carbon dioxide (CO₂ )?

Element

Compound

Mixture

#20. During a neutralisation reaction which salt is formed from nitric acid?

Nitrate

Sulfate

Borate

Chloride

Carbonate

#21. What is the chemical symbol for helium?

#22. When using inert electrodes to perform electrolysis with water acidified with sulfuric acid, which products will be produced at the anode and cathode?

Cathode: Hydroxide (OH⁻) Anode: Hydrogen (H₂)

Cathode: Hydrogen (H₂) Anode: Hydroxide (OH⁻)

Cathode: Hydrogen (H₂) Anode: Sulfate (SO₄²⁻)

#23. What is the formula for nitric acid?

Ca(OH)₂

NaOH

HCL

H₂SO₄

KOH

HNO₃

#24. What is the chemical symbol for phosphorus?

#25. What is the charge of a neutron?

-1

+1

0

#26. The distance travelled by a spot is determined by the solubility of the compound. How does solubility impact distance travelled?

More soluble - shorter distance

More soluble - greater distance

#27. True or false. All atoms of the same element have the same atomic number.

True

False

#28. What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

KOH

HNO₃

Ca(OH)₂

H₂SO₄

NaOH

HCL

#29. Neutralisation reactions which occur between an acid and a base are always:

Exothermic

Endothermic

#30. Which process can be used to separate water from dissolved salts, whilst keeping both substances?

#31. What is the evidence supporting the idea that there was very little oxygen in the atmosphere in Earth’s early atmosphere?

Select all that apply:

The gravitational field strength of the Earth is not strong enough to hold oxygen in the atmosphere

Oxygen is not produced by volcanoes

No iron oxide bands in layers of rock are present in deeper (older) layers

#32. Complete the following equation: MgO (s) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → …. + ….

Select all that apply:

H₂O (l)

MgS₂

MgS (g)

MgSO₄ (aq)

HO (l)

Neutralisation reactions follow the general structure –

metal oxide acid = salt water

the acid produces hydrogen ions and the metal oxide produces oxide ions – these combine to make the water

the salt is comprised of the remaining products – the metal and the other element from the acid

in this case, the other element is chlorine

The naming convention is to put the metal first for the salt created

#33. Determine the empirical formula for Cyclopentane – C₅H₁₀?

C₂H₂

CH₄

2CH

CH₂

#34. In aqueous solutions such as sodium chloride solution, there will be negatively charged ions from the salt (Cl⁻) as well as hydroxide ions (OH⁻). What is the rule that determines which will be discharged at the anode.

Always the other ions and never the hydroxide

Always the hydroxide, unless a halide (group 7) is present.

Always the hydroxide regardless of the other ions

#35. Do non-metals usually have a high or low melting point?

Low

High

#36. How did the oceans form?

Liquid water gradually seeped directly out of the Earths crust, for thousands of years

Liquid water spontaneously formed when the ammonia and and methane in the atmosphere interacted chemically

Water vapour in the atmosphere condensed as the Earth cooled, forming the oceans

#37. Which of the following are uses for paper chromatography?

Select all that apply:

identifying substances by calculating Rf values

determining the boiling point of a substance

separating insoluble solids

identifying substances by comparing chromatogram patterns to patterns formed by known substances

distinguishing between pure and impure substances

#38. The melting point of gallium is 29.8˚C and the boiling point is 2204˚C. What state is gallium at 25˚C?

liquid

solid

gas

#39. On the early Earth, there was a lot of volcanic activity as the planet was cooling down. How can we link this to the formation of the atmosphere?

Assume that volcanic activity is not relevant to the atmosphere and look for other sources of gases

Measure the gases released by volcanoes and compare them to the composition of the atmosphere over time

#40. What is the chemical symbol for potassium?

#41. Energy is transferred between the environment and reactants during a chemical reaction. What form is this energy usually in?

Electrical

Chemical

Thermal

#42. Are non-metals usually malleable or brittle?

Brittle

Malleable

#43. Will exothermic reactions continue if there is no energy input?

Yes, until reactants run out

No, even if reactants have not run out

#44. Copper can be purified using electrolysis of copper sulfate solution. For this process we use the setup in the image below. Complete the half equation for the reaction at the anode. Cu → ….. + …..

Cu⁺ + e

Cu²⁺ + 2e

SO₃²⁻ + 2e

#45. What is the name of the apparatus used for distillation?

#46. What is a simple molecular structure?

a compound which contains atoms covalently bonded together, but with weak intermolecular forces between molecules

Ionically bonded substances such as sodium bromide

a giant structure where each atom has a covalent bond to its neighbour

#47. Are non-metals usually good conductors of electricity?

Yes

No

#48. Complete the equation: NaOH(aq) → Na⁺(aq) + ….

OH⁻(aq)

NO⁻(aq)

HO⁻(aq)

#49. Which electrode would the ion Mg²⁺ migrate to during electrolysis?

Cathode

Neither

Anode

#50. Are gases fluids?

Yes

No

#51. Which of the following examples matches the composition of Earth’s early atmosphere?

Mainly carbon dioxide, some water vapour, little or no oxygen and small amounts of other gases

Mainly water vapour, some oxygen, little or no carbon dioxide and small amounts of other gases

Mainly oxygen, some water vapour, little or no carbon dioxide and small amounts of other gases

#52. Since metallically bonded atoms have a delocalised pool of electrons, these electrons are able to conduct ……

Select all that apply:

Sound

Electricity

Electromagnetic waves

Heat

#53. Which three particles are atoms composed of?

#54. Copper can be purified using electrolysis of copper sulfate solution. For this process we use the setup in the image below. Complete the half equation for the reaction at the cathode. Cu²⁺ + 2e →

CuO

SO₄²⁻

Cu

#55. Why does graphite conduct electricity?

Because it has more protons than electrons, this gives it a positive charge and enables it to carry a charge

Because it has only three covalent bonds, leaving one delocalised electron from each atom. These electrons are able to carry the charge.

#56. How many sulfur atoms will react with two lithium atoms to form an ionic compound?

1

2

3

#57. Strong acids do what in water? ? two words

#58. What does the atomic number of an element mean?

The number of neutrons in its nucleus

The number of electrons in shells surrounding the nucleus

The number of protons in its nucleus

#59. In which type of reaction would the temperature of a solution increase?

Endothermic

Exothermic

Mesothermic

Ectothermic

#60. After paper chromatography has been carried out, the paper is known as?

a wet piece of paper

a chromatogram

a still

#61. Fill in the blanks: Electrolysis is a process in which ………. energy from a ………. current supply is used to decompose electrolytes.

Electrical, Alternating

Thermal, Direct

Electrical, Direct

Thermal, Indirect

#62. Which description best describes mixtures?

contains only a particular type of atoms

contains more than one type of atoms, but not chemically bonded together

contains more than one type of atoms, chemically bonded together

#63. What is the chemical symbol for oxygen?

#64. If covalent bonds are very strong, then why does water have a low melting point?

The bonds between hydrogen and oxygen are weaker than typical covalent bonds

Water has a high melting point

There are only weak intermolecular forces between the molecules in water. The atoms remain bonded whilst the molecules become separated.

#65. Which types of atoms can be found in a pure piece of gold?

Select all that apply:

carbon atoms

gold atoms

trace amounts of other elements

#66. Displacement reactions sometimes occur between a metal and a compound of a less reactive metal. Are these reactions endothermic or exothermic?

Exothermic

Endothermic

#67. What type of substance is the air?

Select all that apply:

Element

Mixture

Compound

#68. Which of these are common properties of giant covalent materials?

Insoluble in water

Soluble in water

Low melting/boiling points

High melting/boiling points

Do not conduct electricity

Conduct electricity

#69. Is water an example of a covalent compound?

Yes

No

#70. Which of the following descriptions matches the term empirical formula?

Represents the simplest integer ratio of atoms or ions of each element in a compound

Represents the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule

Is the sum of the relative atomic masses

#71. What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

H₂SO₄

HNO₃

HCL

Ca(OH)₂

NaOH

KOH

#72. Why do we use distilled water for chemical analysis?

distilled water is cheaper than tap water

tap water contains small amounts of dissolved salts which could contaminate the results

distilled water is warmer so it is better for conducting chemical analysis

#73. Why is magnesium a better electrical conductor than sodium?

Group 2 magnesium has two spare electrons to donate to the delocalised pool, whereas, sodium atoms only have one electron to donate. This means there are more electrons to carry the charge

Group 1 sodium is less electrically conductive because it quickly forms impurities that prevent efficient conduction

#74. The table shows 3 substances and their melting points. Which types of substances could Y be?

Select all that apply:

element

mixture

compound

#75. Why did the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere decrease after the oceans formed?

Carbon dioxide dissolved into the oceans and sea organisms used carbon in their shells as calcium carbonate

Carbon dioxide escaped the atmosphere as the Earth's spin increased in speed, causing an increase the centrifugal force

Carbon dioxide was split by photolysis, producing pure carbon which rained down as a solid.

#76. What is the chemical symbol for radium?

#77. Which of the following descriptions matches the Aᵣ of an element?

The mean mass of an atom compared with carbon-12

The sum of the relative atomic masses of all of the atoms or ions in its formula

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms

#78. Which of the following is the chemical test for oxygen?

An audible squeaky pop is heard when a lit splint is exposed to a test tube full of oxygen

Oxygen is bubbled through limewater and it turns cloudy when oxygen is present

A glowing splint is relit in a test tube filled with oxygen

#79. What temperature is the boiling point of water?

#80. What type of substance is pure gold (Au)?

Element

Compound

Mixture

#81. Where is most of the mass of an atom?

in the nucleus

orbiting the nucleus in the electrons

#82. What is the name of the phase change from liquid to solid?

sublimation

condensation

freezing

melting

deposition

evaporation/boiling

#83. Why is there a minimum energy required for reactions to occur?

High energies cause spontaneous rearrangement of particles without impacts between them

High collision energies are more likely to break chemical bonds

#84. What state of matter has particles which are close together and vibrate around fixed positions?

solids

liquids

gases

#85. What is the formula for the compound calcium nitrate which is made of calcium and nitrate ions (NO₃⁻)?

Ca(NO₃)₂

Ca(NO₂)₂

CaNO₂

#86. Why is a spark often needed to start a combustion reaction?

It removes excess nitrogen from the surrounding area, making ignition easier

It provides the activation energy needed

It releases electrons from their shells and they rapidly ignite the fuel

#87. Fill in the blanks: Oxidation refers to the …… of electrons and it occurs at the ……..

Loss, Anode

Loss, Cathode

Gain, Anode

Gain, Cathode

#88. When a mixture of rocks, salt and water is filtered, what will be the residue?

rocks

water

salt

sand

#89. True or false – You cannot use physical processes to separate mixtures into different substances.

True

False

#90. When using inert electrodes to perform electrolysis with sodium chloride solution, which products will be produced at the anode and cathode?

Cathode: Hydrogen (H₂) Anode: Chlorine (Cl₂)

Cathode: Hydrogen (H₂) Anode: Hydroxide (OH⁻)

Cathode: Sodium (Na) Anode: Hydroxide (OH⁻)

GCSE OCR Chemistry B Paper 1

Good Luck!

Results

#1. During crystallisation, there is a risk of spitting which could cause harm. Which of the following could reduce the risk?

#2. Which evidence provides information about carbon dioxide concentration and global temperatures?

#3. What is the approximate radius of an atom?

#4. What is the charge of an electron?

#5. What is the freezing point of water?

#6. Which description best describes a compound?

#7. Acids produce an excess of what when they dissolve in water?

#8. Why did the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere increase over time?

#9. The table shows 3 substances and their melting points. What common substance, in particular, could substance Z be?

#10. What do we use fullerenes for?

#11. Which type of reaction is photosynthesis?

#12. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion carbonate?

#13. During Ernest Rutherford’s experiments with gold foil, why did some of the particles bounce back?

#14. Which of these is the mobile phase in paper chromatography?

#15. What is the chemical symbol for sodium?

#16. What method can we use to separate multiple types of liquids?

#17. What is the chemical symbol for sulfur?

#18. What is the chemical symbol for chlorine?

#19. What type of substance is carbon dioxide (CO₂ )?

#20. During a neutralisation reaction which salt is formed from nitric acid?

#21. What is the chemical symbol for helium?

#22. When using inert electrodes to perform electrolysis with water acidified with sulfuric acid, which products will be produced at the anode and cathode?

#23. What is the formula for nitric acid?

#24. What is the chemical symbol for phosphorus?

#25. What is the charge of a neutron?

#26. The distance travelled by a spot is determined by the solubility of the compound. How does solubility impact distance travelled?

#27. True or false. All atoms of the same element have the same atomic number.

#28. What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

#29. Neutralisation reactions which occur between an acid and a base are always:

#30. Which process can be used to separate water from dissolved salts, whilst keeping both substances?

#31. What is the evidence supporting the idea that there was very little oxygen in the atmosphere in Earth’s early atmosphere?

#32. Complete the following equation: MgO (s) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → …. + ….

#33. Determine the empirical formula for Cyclopentane – C₅H₁₀?

#34. In aqueous solutions such as sodium chloride solution, there will be negatively charged ions from the salt (Cl⁻) as well as hydroxide ions (OH⁻). What is the rule that determines which will be discharged at the anode.

#35. Do non-metals usually have a high or low melting point?

#36. How did the oceans form?

#37. Which of the following are uses for paper chromatography?

#38. The melting point of gallium is 29.8˚C and the boiling point is 2204˚C. What state is gallium at 25˚C?

#39. On the early Earth, there was a lot of volcanic activity as the planet was cooling down. How can we link this to the formation of the atmosphere?

#40. What is the chemical symbol for potassium?

#41. Energy is transferred between the environment and reactants during a chemical reaction. What form is this energy usually in?

#42. Are non-metals usually malleable or brittle?

#43. Will exothermic reactions continue if there is no energy input?

#44. Copper can be purified using electrolysis of copper sulfate solution. For this process we use the setup in the image below. Complete the half equation for the reaction at the anode. Cu → ….. + …..

#45. What is the name of the apparatus used for distillation?

#46. What is a simple molecular structure?

#47. Are non-metals usually good conductors of electricity?

#48. Complete the equation: NaOH(aq) → Na⁺(aq) + ….

#49. Which electrode would the ion Mg²⁺ migrate to during electrolysis?

#50. Are gases fluids?

#51. Which of the following examples matches the composition of Earth’s early atmosphere?

#52. Since metallically bonded atoms have a delocalised pool of electrons, these electrons are able to conduct ……

#53. Which three particles are atoms composed of?

#54. Copper can be purified using electrolysis of copper sulfate solution. For this process we use the setup in the image below. Complete the half equation for the reaction at the cathode. Cu²⁺ + 2e →

#55. Why does graphite conduct electricity?

#56. How many sulfur atoms will react with two lithium atoms to form an ionic compound?

#57. Strong acids do what in water? ? two words

#58. What does the atomic number of an element mean?

#59. In which type of reaction would the temperature of a solution increase?

#60. After paper chromatography has been carried out, the paper is known as?

#61. Fill in the blanks: Electrolysis is a process in which ………. energy from a ………. current supply is used to decompose electrolytes.

#62. Which description best describes mixtures?

#63. What is the chemical symbol for oxygen?

#64. If covalent bonds are very strong, then why does water have a low melting point?

#65. Which types of atoms can be found in a pure piece of gold?

#66. Displacement reactions sometimes occur between a metal and a compound of a less reactive metal. Are these reactions endothermic or exothermic?

#67. What type of substance is the air?

#68. Which of these are common properties of giant covalent materials?

#69. Is water an example of a covalent compound?

#70. Which of the following descriptions matches the term empirical formula?

#71. What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

#72. Why do we use distilled water for chemical analysis?

#73. Why is magnesium a better electrical conductor than sodium?

#74. The table shows 3 substances and their melting points. Which types of substances could Y be?

#75. Why did the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere decrease after the oceans formed?

#76. What is the chemical symbol for radium?

#77. Which of the following descriptions matches the Aᵣ of an element?