GCSE OCR Chemistry A Papers 1 and 3 Automarked

#1. Which of the following are properties of ionic compounds?

conduct electricity when molten or dissolved

low melting and boiling points

conduct electricity as solids

usually soluble

usually insoluble

high melting and boiling points

#2. Acids produce an excess of what when they dissolve in water?

carbonate ions

hydroxide ions

sulfate ions

hydrogen ions

#3. Why did Ernest Rutherford’s experiments with gold foil demonstrate that most of atoms consists of empty space?

Most of the atoms passed straight through the foil

Most of the atoms were deflected or bounced back

Most of the particles were destroyed when they met protons in the nucleus

#4. What is graphene?

Graphene is a layer of graphite that is one atom thick

Graphene is the material that forms from the covalent bonding of oxygen and nitrogen

Graphene is a small section of a diamond

#5. What the the least dense state of matter?

gases

solids

Bose-Einstein Condensates

liquids

#6. What is the name of the phase change from liquid to solid?

sublimation

condensation

deposition

freezing

melting

evaporation/boiling

#7. Match the following description to the correct term. X is a mixture made of dissolved substances in a liquid.

solvent

solute

solution

#8. Are metals usually good conductors of electricity?

Yes

No

#9. What temperature is the boiling point of water?

#10. Which description best describes an element?

contains more than one type of atoms, but not chemically bonded together

contains more than one type of atoms, chemically bonded together

contains only one type of atom

#11. What is the approximate radius of an atom?

1 x 10⁻¹⁰

1 x 10⁻³

1 x 10⁻¹⁵

1 x 10⁻³

#12. What is the symbol for relative formula mass (also known as relative molecular mass)?

Aᵣ

Mᵣ

Hᵣ

MAᵣ

#13. Which of these are common properties of simple molecular (covalent) materials?

Select all that apply:

high melting/boiling points

low melting/boiling points

are good conductors of electricity

do not conduct electricity

#14. Why is diamond hard?

Diamond is hard because carbon atom is covalently bonded to 4 other carbon atoms, in a tetrahedral arrangement.

Diamond is hard because it is composed of particular isotopes of carbon with extra neutrons, making the material more dense

Diamond is hard because it is made of ionically bonded carbon atoms.

#15. Which of these is the stationary phase in paper chromatography?

the ink

the solvent

the paper

#16. True or false. All atoms of the same element have the same atomic number.

True

False

#17. Where is most of the mass of an atom?

orbiting the nucleus in the electrons

in the nucleus

#18. Energy is transferred between the environment and reactants during a chemical reaction. What form is this energy usually in?

Chemical

Electrical

Thermal

#19. What is the relative mass of a proton?

1/1840

2

1

#20. Calculate the relative formula mass of carbon monoxide (CO) to 2 decimal places. Carbon Aᵣ = 12, Oxygen Aᵣ = 16.

#21. How could you separate a mixture of sand and salt?

fill a container with water to dissolve the salt, then filter out the sand and evaporate the water

use paper chromatography to separate the sand from the salt

add water and then use fractional distillation to separate the sand and water and you will be left with the salt

#22. Which of the following describe the composition of a pure substance?

Select all that apply:

Is the same in all parts of the substance - can only be an element

Is the same in all parts of the substance - can be either an element or a compound

is the not the same in all parts of the substance

#23. During electrolysis which electrode do anions and cations migrate to?

Anions to the anode, cations to the cathode

Anions to the cathode, cations to the anode

#24. What is the formula for calcium hydroxide?

NaOH

HCL

KOH

H₂SO₄

HNO₃

Ca(OH)₂

#25. Why does graphite conduct electricity?

Because it has only three covalent bonds, leaving one delocalised electron from each atom. These electrons are able to carry the charge.

Because it has more protons than electrons, this gives it a positive charge and enables it to carry a charge

#26. How do sodium and chlorine atoms bond? ? you might need a periodic table to answer this question

covalently

metallically

ionically

#27. How many atoms of potassium (group 1) are needed to bond ionically with oxygen (group 6)?

2

3

1

#28. Which of these is a problem with metallic models?

The model shows the atoms as being too far apart and there are no sticks

They do not show how the structure formed and suggest that the electrons in different atoms are different, but they are actually the same

The model does not show that the ions will be constantly vibrating

#29. Which of the following are 3 of the adaptations of leaves for efficient photosynthesis?

Select all that apply:

Chloroplasts migrate back into the stems overnight - protects them from cold weather

Transparent epidermis - allows sunlight to travel straight into the leaves

Guard cells open and close stomata - control water loss

Palisade layer filled with chloroplasts is just below the epidermis - maximising light intensity

Guard cells open and close the entrance to leaves from stems - isolates infected leaves

#30. What is the electronic configuration of a nitrogen atom? ? you might need a periodic table to answer this question

2,5

2,7

2,8,5

#31. Why are metals malleable?

Because metal atoms themselves are compressible and are moulded into shape

Because metal ions constantly break and reform their bonds, allowing the shape to be moulded

Because the layers of metal slide across each other, rather than breaking the bonds between ions

#32. Fill in the blanks: Electrolysis is a process in which ………. energy from a ………. current supply is used to decompose electrolytes.

Electrical, Direct

Thermal, Indirect

Electrical, Alternating

Thermal, Direct

#33. Which of these is a problem with dot and cross diagrams?

The model shows the atoms as being too far apart and there are no sticks

The model does not show that the ions will be constantly vibrating

They do not show how the structure formed and suggest that the electrons in different atoms are different, but they are actually the same

#34. Fill in the blanks: Oxidation refers to the …… of electrons and it occurs at the ……..

Gain, Cathode

Loss, Anode

Loss, Cathode

Gain, Anode

#35. During crystallisation, there is a risk of spitting which could cause harm. Which of the following could reduce the risk?

Select all that apply:

wearing eye protection

using steam to heat the evaporating basin carefully

putting a cover over the evaporating dish

removing the bunsen burner before solution is dry

#36. Solutions of pH 7 are?

neutral

alkaline

acidic

#37. Covalent compounds typically form between which two types of material?

metal and non-metal

non-metal and non-metal

metal and metal

#38. What is the chemical symbol for mercury?

#39. What state of matter has particles which are far apart and move around independently?

liquids

solids

gases

#40. Which types of atoms can be found in a pure piece of gold?

Select all that apply:

trace amounts of other elements

gold atoms

carbon atoms

#41. Which description best describes a compound?

contains more than one type of atoms, but not chemically bonded together

contains more than one type of atoms, chemically bonded together

contains only one type of atom

#42. Which three particles are atoms composed of?

#43. What is the chemical symbol for hydrogen?

#44. What is the relative mass of a neutron?

1

1/1840

2

#45. Do metals usually have a high or low density?

High density

Low density

#46. During Ernest Rutherford’s experiments with gold foil, why did some of the particles bounce back?

Alpha particles behave in unpredictable ways and can randomly change direction due to quantum effects

Alpha particles are positively charged, they were deflected when they met the positively charged protons in the nucleus

He fired electrons at the gold foil and when they met protons they were reflected back

#47. Which type of reaction takes in energy, making the surroundings cooler?

Exothermic

Endothermic

Ectothermic

#48. When using inert electrodes to perform electrolysis with sodium sulfate solution, which products will be produced at the anode and cathode?

Cathode: Sodium (Na) Anode: Hydroxide (OH⁻)

Cathode: Hydrogen (H₂) Anode: Hydroxide (OH⁻)

Cathode: Hydrogen (H₂) Anode: Sulfate (SO₄²⁻)

#49. Are non-metals usually good conductors of electricity?

Yes

No

#50. The table shows 3 substances and their melting points. Which type of substance is X?

element

compound

mixture

#51. What is the chemical symbol for helium?

#52. Complete the equation: H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → ….

H₂O(l)

OH₂(aq)

2H₂O(l)

CO₂(g)

Remember:

acids produce an excess of hydrogen ions

alkalis produce an excess of hydroxide ions

hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions come together to make water which is neutral.

#53. Which of these is a problem with 3D ball and stick models?

They do not show how the structure formed and suggest that the electrons in different atoms are different, but they are actually the same

The model shows the atoms as being too far apart and there are no sticks

The model does not show that the ions will be constantly vibrating

#54. What is the charge of a neutron?

+1

-1

0

#55. What is the chemical symbol for phosphorus?

#56. Are non-metals usually malleable or brittle?

Brittle

Malleable

#57. Which of these is the mobile phase in paper chromatography?

the ink

the paper

the solvent

#58. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion ammonium?

NH₄⁺

OH⁻

SO₃²⁻

NO₃⁻

CO₃²⁻

SO₄²⁻

#59. What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

HNO₃

H₂SO₄

HCL

KOH

NaOH

Ca(OH)₂

#60. True or false – You cannot use physical processes to separate mixtures into different substances.

True

False

#61. What is the mass number of an element?

the total number of subatomic particles in an atom

the number of protons plus neutrons

#62. Alkalis produce an excess of what when they dissolve in water?

sulfite ions

hydroxide ions

sulfate ions

hydrogen ions

#63. What is the name of the apparatus used for distillation?

#64. Are gases fluids?

No

Yes

#65. What is the formula for potassium hydroxide?

HNO₃

NaOH

H₂SO₄

HCL

Ca(OH)₂

KOH

#66. Lead has 4 stable isotopes. ²⁰⁴Pb (abundance – 1.4%), ²⁰⁵Pb (abundance – 24.1%), ²⁰⁷Pb (abundance – 22.1%) and ²⁰⁸Pb (abundance – 52.4%). Calculate the Aᵣ of lead. Answer to 2 decimal places.

#67. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion nitrate?

NH₄⁺

OH⁻

NO₃⁻

CO₃²⁻

SO₃²⁻

SO₄²⁻

#68. Are metals usually malleable or brittle?

Brittle

Malleable

#69. Copper can be purified using electrolysis of copper sulfate solution. For this process we use the setup in the image below. Complete the half equation for the reaction at the cathode. Cu²⁺ + 2e →

SO₄²⁻

Cu

CuO

#70. Which of the following items would you need to perform filtration?

Select all that apply:

filter paper

a bunsen burner

an evaporating basin

filter funnel

a tripod

a beaker

gauze

#71. What is the chemical symbol for fluorine?

#72. What is a simple molecular structure?

a giant structure where each atom has a covalent bond to its neighbour

Ionically bonded substances such as sodium bromide

a compound which contains atoms covalently bonded together, but with weak intermolecular forces between molecules

#73. Complete the equation: NaOH(aq) → Na⁺(aq) + ….

OH⁻(aq)

NO⁻(aq)

HO⁻(aq)

#74. What is the chemical symbol for iron?

#75. Which of the following are 3 of the adaptations of leaves for efficient photosynthesis?

Select all that apply:

Leaves have stomata - for gaseous exchange

Flat leaves - reduces distance for diffusion of gases

Root hair cells are thin and very numerous - increasing surface area

Leaves retract inside stems overnight - avoiding water loss

Large leaves - bigger surface area

Remember to carefully read the question, if you selected Root hair cells, you were mistaken because the question asked about leaves, not roots.

#76. Which description best describes mixtures?

contains more than one type of atoms, but not chemically bonded together

contains more than one type of atoms, chemically bonded together

contains only a particular type of atoms

#77. The graph shows a heating curve for substance X (red) and substance Y (blue). Is substance Y a pure or impure substance?

Impure

Pure

#78. In aqueous solutions such as sodium chloride solution, there will be positively charged ions from the salt (Na⁺) as well as hydrogen ions (H⁺). What is the rule that determines which will be discharged at the cathode.

The least reactive ions

Always the ions from the salt e.g. Na⁺

The most reactive ions

#79. Hydrogen has two stable isotopes, ¹H (abundance – 99.972%) and ²H (abundance – 0.001%). Calculate the Aᵣ of hydrogen. Answer to 3 decimal places.

#80. Filtration and crystallisation are used to separate which types of materials?

separate different types of liquids

separate soluble materials from insoluble materials

separating soluble compounds

#81. During a neutralisation reaction which salt is formed from nitric acid?

Carbonate

Sulfate

Borate

Nitrate

Chloride

#82. The table shows 3 substances and their melting points. What common substance, in particular, could substance Z be?

#83. Which scientist proposed the Plum Pudding Model?

JJ. Thomson

Ernest Rutherford

John Dalton

#84. Determine the empirical formula of glucose – C₆H₁₂O₆.

CH₂O

CHO₂

C₂OH

C₂H₂O

#85. Which process can be used to separate water from dissolved salts, whilst keeping both substances?

#86. What is a polymer?

A chain of simple molecules known as monomers

A metallic compound

A multidirectional molecule with spikes pointing towards the Earth's poles

#87. Determine the empirical formula for Cyanuric triazide – C₃N₁₂.

C₂N₄

CN

CN₄

C₄N₄

#88. Complete the following half equation for a reaction the cathode during electrolysis of molten zinc chloride. Zn²⁺ + ….. → Zn

2e

ZnO

e

Zn

#89. What method can we use to separate multiple types of liquids?

#90. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion sulfate?

CO₃²⁻

NH₄⁺

SO₃²⁻

NO₃⁻

OH⁻

SO₄²⁻

GCSE OCR Chemistry Papers 1 and 3

Results

#1. Which of the following are properties of ionic compounds?

#2. Acids produce an excess of what when they dissolve in water?

#3. Why did Ernest Rutherford’s experiments with gold foil demonstrate that most of atoms consists of empty space?

#4. What is graphene?

#5. What the the least dense state of matter?

#6. What is the name of the phase change from liquid to solid?

#7. Match the following description to the correct term. X is a mixture made of dissolved substances in a liquid.

#8. Are metals usually good conductors of electricity?

#9. What temperature is the boiling point of water?

#10. Which description best describes an element?

#11. What is the approximate radius of an atom?

#12. What is the symbol for relative formula mass (also known as relative molecular mass)?

#13. Which of these are common properties of simple molecular (covalent) materials?

#14. Why is diamond hard?

#15. Which of these is the stationary phase in paper chromatography?

#16. True or false. All atoms of the same element have the same atomic number.

#17. Where is most of the mass of an atom?

#18. Energy is transferred between the environment and reactants during a chemical reaction. What form is this energy usually in?

#19. What is the relative mass of a proton?

#20. Calculate the relative formula mass of carbon monoxide (CO) to 2 decimal places. Carbon Aᵣ = 12, Oxygen Aᵣ = 16.

#21. How could you separate a mixture of sand and salt?

#22. Which of the following describe the composition of a pure substance?

#23. During electrolysis which electrode do anions and cations migrate to?

#24. What is the formula for calcium hydroxide?

#25. Why does graphite conduct electricity?

#26. How do sodium and chlorine atoms bond? ? you might need a periodic table to answer this question

#27. How many atoms of potassium (group 1) are needed to bond ionically with oxygen (group 6)?

#28. Which of these is a problem with metallic models?

#29. Which of the following are 3 of the adaptations of leaves for efficient photosynthesis?

#30. What is the electronic configuration of a nitrogen atom? ? you might need a periodic table to answer this question

#31. Why are metals malleable?

#32. Fill in the blanks: Electrolysis is a process in which ………. energy from a ………. current supply is used to decompose electrolytes.

#33. Which of these is a problem with dot and cross diagrams?

#34. Fill in the blanks: Oxidation refers to the …… of electrons and it occurs at the ……..

#35. During crystallisation, there is a risk of spitting which could cause harm. Which of the following could reduce the risk?

#36. Solutions of pH 7 are?

#37. Covalent compounds typically form between which two types of material?

#38. What is the chemical symbol for mercury?

#39. What state of matter has particles which are far apart and move around independently?

#40. Which types of atoms can be found in a pure piece of gold?

#41. Which description best describes a compound?

#42. Which three particles are atoms composed of?

#43. What is the chemical symbol for hydrogen?

#44. What is the relative mass of a neutron?

#45. Do metals usually have a high or low density?

#46. During Ernest Rutherford’s experiments with gold foil, why did some of the particles bounce back?

#47. Which type of reaction takes in energy, making the surroundings cooler?

#48. When using inert electrodes to perform electrolysis with sodium sulfate solution, which products will be produced at the anode and cathode?

#49. Are non-metals usually good conductors of electricity?

#50. The table shows 3 substances and their melting points. Which type of substance is X?

#51. What is the chemical symbol for helium?

#52. Complete the equation: H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → ….

#53. Which of these is a problem with 3D ball and stick models?

#54. What is the charge of a neutron?

#55. What is the chemical symbol for phosphorus?

#56. Are non-metals usually malleable or brittle?

#57. Which of these is the mobile phase in paper chromatography?

#58. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion ammonium?

#59. What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

#60. True or false – You cannot use physical processes to separate mixtures into different substances.

#61. What is the mass number of an element?

#62. Alkalis produce an excess of what when they dissolve in water?

#63. What is the name of the apparatus used for distillation?

#64. Are gases fluids?

#65. What is the formula for potassium hydroxide?

#66. Lead has 4 stable isotopes. ²⁰⁴Pb (abundance – 1.4%), ²⁰⁵Pb (abundance – 24.1%), ²⁰⁷Pb (abundance – 22.1%) and ²⁰⁸Pb (abundance – 52.4%). Calculate the Aᵣ of lead. Answer to 2 decimal places.

#67. What is the formula for the polyatomic ion nitrate?

#68. Are metals usually malleable or brittle?

#69. Copper can be purified using electrolysis of copper sulfate solution. For this process we use the setup in the image below. Complete the half equation for the reaction at the cathode. Cu²⁺ + 2e →

#70. Which of the following items would you need to perform filtration?

#71. What is the chemical symbol for fluorine?

#72. What is a simple molecular structure?

#73. Complete the equation: NaOH(aq) → Na⁺(aq) + ….

#74. What is the chemical symbol for iron?

#75. Which of the following are 3 of the adaptations of leaves for efficient photosynthesis?

#76. Which description best describes mixtures?

#77. The graph shows a heating curve for substance X (red) and substance Y (blue). Is substance Y a pure or impure substance?

#78. In aqueous solutions such as sodium chloride solution, there will be positively charged ions from the salt (Na⁺) as well as hydrogen ions (H⁺). What is the rule that determines which will be discharged at the cathode.