GCSE OCR Biology B Paper 2 E-Mock Automarked

#1. The respiratory system relies on diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Which of the following statements are correct?

Select all that apply:

For diffusion to happen the carbon dioxide concentration of blood flowing TO the lungs must be lower than in the air IN the lungs

For diffusion to happen the oxygen concentration of blood flowing TO the lungs must be lower than in the air IN the lungs

For diffusion to happen the oxygen concentration of blood flowing TO the lungs must be higher than in the air IN the lungs

For diffusion to happen the carbon dioxide concentration of blood flowing TO the lungs must be higher than in the air IN the lungs

#2. Name two resources that both animals and plants need to survive and reproduce? ? structure your answer like this: ..... and .....

#3. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction highest at an optimum pH?

at high and low pH the substrates and enzymes repel each other

above and below the optimum the shape of the active site is changed

it is not different and there is no optimum

#4. Through which process do chemicals move across synapses?

#5. Increases in thyroxine concentration in the blood cause a decrease in the amount of thyroxine released. What kind of feedback mechanism is this?

Postive feedback

Negative feedback

#6. What is the function of the cell wall?

Photosynthesis

Provide strength and support

Cellular respiration

Provides no function

Protein synthesis

#7. What is enzyme specificity?

the efficiency of an enzyme in catalysing reactions

describes the ability of an enzyme to catalyse only a particular reaction or set of reactions

the active site changes to fit with new substrates over its lifetime

#8. Which hormone is associated with the “fight or flight” response?

#9. Through which process would air freshener sprayed in one corner of a room disperse?

active transport

diffusion

osmosis

#10. Respiration from animals is a source of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere – do plants also use respiration?

no

yes

only carnivorous plants perform respiration

#11. What is the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis?

C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2O₂ + CO₂

6CO + 6H₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆

CO₂ + H₂O → 2C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

#12. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction increase with greater substrate concentration?

The rate of reaction increases because there are available active sites, so more reactions take place

The rate of reaction does not increase

The rate of reaction increases because higher substrate concentration leads to warmer temperatures

#13. Which of the following are the 4 factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Select all that apply:

Air temperature

Amount of chloroplasts in cells

Concentration of dissolved oxygen in the soil

Concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide

Light intensity

Availability of nitrogen in the soil

Concentration of atmospheric nitrogen

#14. Which hormone is released from the adrenal gland?

#15. What are the monomers of proteins?

nucleotides

mitochondria

fatty acids

carbohydrates

amino acids

DNA

chloroplasts

#16. What is the purpose of respiration?

To break down chlorophyll

Provide energy to the cells

To make glucose

#17. During exercise, your cells require more oxygen and glucose. What changes in the body happen during exercise to meet these increased needs?

Select all that apply:

Increased breathing rate

Increased heart rate

Increased digestion rate of lipids

#18. Hormones are released by a range of glands, name one gland that releases hormones. ? do not include the word "gland" or "glands"

#19. What is meant by an active process?

the process requires energy and does not happen on its own

the process does not require energy and it is automatic

the process requires energy and it happens on its own

#20. Name one hormone that is produced in the pancreas?

#21. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction lower at lower temperatures?

at low temperatures enyzmes close up their active sites and do not accept substrates

at low temperatures enzymes and substrates are moving slowly and are less likely to meet

#22. Upon the release of adrenaline do blood vessels widen, narrow or both?

Widen

Both

Narrow

The blood vessels are constricted or dilated depending on where the blood flows.

The muscles required for running for example are dilated since they are required to match the “fight or flight” response. Others are constricted as they are temporarily deemed less important.

#23. How many chromosomes does a single sperm cell have?

#24. What is the name of the chemicals that we use to transmit messages through the blood to organs?

#25. What is the equation for magnification?

magnifcation = image size/actual size

magnification = actual size/image size

Magnification = objective lens x image size

There are two equations for magnification, both tell you how many times larger the image appears than it actually is.

One equation links the magnification of the two lenses and the other equation links magnification to the size of the object and image.

#26. How do we describe the periodic changes in population size of predators and prey – explained by increases in numbers of predators due to increased numbers of prey and then decreasing numbers of prey due to increasing numbers of predators and so on?

Competition-driven cyclic abundance shifts

Abiotic-Biotic cycles

Predator-Prey cycles

#27. What is the resolution of electron microscopes limited by?

the wavelength of electrons

the magnification x width of the eyepiece

the wavelength of infrared light

#28. Is the following statement accurate: nitrogen be can be moved back and forth from the atmosphere and into the soil by bacteria.

No

Yes

#29. Arteries carry blood around the body, do they carry blood away from or towards the heart?

Away from

Towards

Remember – Arteries Away

#30. True or false – A concentration gradient is the difference in concentration from high to low?

false

true

#31. When fossil fuels are burned they release carbon into the atmosphere – which of the following are fossil fuels?

wind

nuclear fuels

peat

#32. Which of the following sub-cellular structures provides structure and support for the cell?

Select all that apply:

Cell wall

Cytoplasm

Mitochondria

Nucleus

Chloroplasts

Cell membrane

Vacuole

Ribosomes

#33. What are nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

Bacteria that are eaten as a source of nitrogen

Bacteria that move nitrogen from the air into the soil

Bacteria that do not need any nitrogen to survive

#34. Capillaries are only one cell thick and have thousands of branches. What is the function of capillaries?

Moving oxygenated blood towards the heart from the lungs

Exchanging molecules between the blood and other organs via diffusion

#35. Which of the following descriptions best matches the hormonal system?

Acts slowly, but affects multiple parts of the body

Acts quickly, but on specific parts of the body

#36. Which of the following can we use to investigate the effect of abiotic factors on the distribution of organisms?

A line or belt transect - sampling along a line (or around square) measuring both abundance and abiotic factors

Counting every individual of an entire community within an ecosystem

Single quadrats, placed in separate ecosystems

#37. Why do high breathing and heart rates remain after exercise?

Select all that apply:

Additional oxygen is required to get the energy needed to remove lactic acid

It takes a few minutes for the heart and lungs to respond to a change in physical activity

To replace the oxygen lost from blood and muscles

#38. The left ventricle has a thicker muscle wall, why is this the case?

Blood from the left ventricle is a different colour

Blood from the left ventricle is much more viscous because it has more oxygen in it

Blood from the left ventricle is pumped around the body, so needs to contract more strongly than the right ventricle

#39. Fill in the gap: Receptors detect pain and send impulses via the sensory neurone towards the spinal cord. The ………………… intercepts the signal and diverts it along motor neurones to the effectors (muscles) which quickly move away from the source of pain.

CNS

PNS

relay neurone

#40. What are the monomers of fats/lipids?

fatty acids

chloroplasts

proteins

mitochondria

amino acids

nucleotides

DNA

carbohydrates

#41. Motor neurones carry impulses to which part of the nervous system?

CFS

CNS

effectors

#42. What do we call the process by which farmers change the crops they grow each year to maintain nitrogen in the soil?

Crop rotation

Harvest sequencing

Cyclical changes

#43. Glucose enters the body via the?

Small intestine

Lungs

Brain

#44. True or false – A concentration gradient is a term used to explain how the moon moves in the night sky?

true

false

#45. Which of these processes allows saltwater to become potable?

filtration

distillation

precipitation

#46. Which of the following is the correct word equation for aerobic respiration?

carbon dioxide + oxygen = water + energy + glucose

nitrogen dioxide + carbon dioxide = water + energy

oxygen + glucose = carbon dioxide + water + energy

#47. Name one hormone that is released from the ovaries?

#48. Which type of white blood cells produce antibodies that stick to the antigens of pathogens?

Pregocytes

Parcotocytes

Lymphocytes

Phagocytes

#49. How do substances typically move into and out of the body, for example, oxygen in the lungs? ? 1 word answer

#50. Which of the following are prokaryotes?

Select all that apply:

Animals

Bacteria

Fungi

Archaea

Plants

#51. When is adrenaline released?

When you are scared or excited

After a meal

When you are relaxed

When you are sleeping

#52. In which sub-cellular structure inside plant cells does photosynthesis occur?

#53. What is the process by which organisms remove waste from their bodies?

#54. What does abundance measure?

The average size of organisms in a population

The average number of different species within a community

The number of individuals or frequency of occurrence in an area

#55. What is the role of DNA synthase?

synthesises DNA from its monomers

breaks down fats in the diet

synthesises starch from glucose

synthesises glycogen from glucose

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

breaks down proteins in the diet

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

#56. Which of the following are 3 of the adaptations of leaves for efficient photosynthesis?

Select all that apply:

Guard cells open and close stomata - control water loss

Palisade layer filled with chloroplasts is just below the epidermis - maximising light intensity

Transparent epidermis - allows sunlight to travel straight into the leaves

Chloroplasts migrate back into the stems overnight - protects them from cold weather

Guard cells open and close the entrance to leaves from stems - isolates infected leaves

#57. The Nervous System is made up of two parts, the Central Nervous System (CNS) and what other part?

peripheral nervous system

cardiovasular system

receptor effector system

3

#58. Why do plants need nitrogen?

Nitrogen is one of the ingredients in cellulose which makes up their cell walls

Nitrogen is a key ingredient in photosynthesis

They have compounds containing nitrogen in their DNA and in proteins

#59. Which type of white blood cell engulfs (surrounds) foreign cells in order to digest them?

Parcocytes

Phagocytes

Lymphocytes

Pregocytes

#60. What are biotic factors?

Biological environmental factors which affect the distribution and abundance of organisms

Factors which affect the ability of scientists to sample the environment - leading to errors in measurements

Physical and chemical environmental factors which affect the distribution and abundance of organisms

#61. Which sub-cellular structures can be found in plants?

Select all that apply:

Plasmid

Cell wall

Cytoplasm

Mitochondria

Chromosomal DNA

Cell membrane

Ribosomes

Vacuole

Nucleus

Chloroplasts

#62. Which organisms maintain the nitrogen levels in the soil?

Decomposers

Decomposters

Recomposers

#63. Which of the following are strategies organisms use to adapt to changing abiotic conditions?

Select all that apply:

Eating less food

Moving to new areas

Changing diet

#64. What is the part of the heart that the arrows are pointing to?

The coronary vein

The coronary artery

The aorta

The pulmonary vein

The inferior vena cava

#65. Cells are adapted to perform a specific function. Why do cells in the pancreas have lots of ribosomes?

the pancreatic cells need lots of energy

the pancreas has no function in modern humans

digestive enzymes are made in the pancreas

#66. What effect does adrenaline have on the liver?

Causes a decrease in blood sugar concentration

Causes the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose

Causes a spike in growth hormone

#67. What is the Induced Fit Model of enzyme action?

the active site and substrate do not fit exactly together but the shape changes as they come together

the active site changes to fit with new substrates over its lifetime

the active site and the substrate fit exactly together

the active site is not related to enzyme action

#68. Who invented the binomial naming system?

Carl Woese

James Brown

Carl Linnaeus

Uh oh, maybe you need some lessons!

#69. How do most plants get their nitrogen?

From the air - absorbed through their leaves

From the soil - absorbed through their roots

#70. What is the role of protease?

breaks down fats in the diet

breaks down starch to small sugars such as maltose

synthesises starch from glucose

breaks down hydrogen peroxide made during cell reactions

synthesises glycogen from glucose

breaks down proteins in the diet

synthesises DNA from its monomers

#71. Growth is increased during puberty. Why is this?

Sex hormones are very similar to growth hormones and have the same effect

Sex hormones are not related to the increase in growth

Sex hormones stimulate the release of growth hormone

#72. Which of the following plants have a mutualistic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

Select all that apply:

Peas

Beans

Tomatoes

Potatoes

#73. Which system is responsible for ensuring the supply of oxygen and glucose to cells?

Circulatory System

Nervous System

Immune System

#74. What is the definition of resolution?

The largest distance between two points that can be distinguished as separate

The smallest distance between two points that can be distinguished as separate

The furthest away you can be from the eyepiece lens and still see a clear image

#75. What are the three domains?

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Eurkarya, Fungi and Bacteria

Animals, Plants and Bacteria

#76. What is an active site?

a molecule that is changed during a reaction

the diameter of the area you can see through a microscope

A specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction takes place

#77. Which of the following is the equation for total magnification?

Eyepiece lens magnification x objective lens magnification

Objective lens magnification x 10

Eyepiece lens magnification / objective lens magnification

2 x Eyepiece lens magnification x objective lens magnification

#78. Which of the following is the source of oil and gas?

nuclear decay from millions of years ago

dead and buried plant material from millions of years ago

dead plankton from millions of years ago

#79. Which term do we use to describe the relationships between species that depend on each other for resources?

Intradependent

Codependent

Extradependent

Interdependent

#80. What do we call an organ that is affected by a specific hormone?

A general organ

A target organ

A stimulated organ

#81. What is the binomial name for humans?

#82. How are cells that line the small intestine specialised?

contain macrovilli to speed the flow of waste through the intestine

contain microvilli which increase the surface area and nutrient absorption

#83. Which sub-cellular structures can be found in bacteria?

Select all that apply:

Cell wall

Mitochondria

Vacuole

Chromosomal DNA

Nucleus

Cell membrane

Ribosomes

Cytoplasm

Plasmids

Chloroplasts

#84. Decomposers break down dead animal and plant material – what happens to the carbon inside the dead organisms?

part of the carbon is released during respiration and part is stored in the composers cells

all of the carbon becomes part of the decomposers

all of the carbon is released during respiration

#85. By which process does water in the atmosphere become part of clouds?

precipitation

evaporation

sublimation

condensation

distillation

#86. True or false – volcanism removes carbon from the atmosphere

true

false

#87. Match the description to the correct term. All of the individuals of a species that live in a particular woodland.

Habitat

Ecosystem

Community

Population

#88. Which of the following is an effect stimulated by the thyroxine hormone?

increased heart rate

Increased stride length

decreased growth rate

increased density of bones

#89. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic includes oxygen, anaerobic doesn't include oxygen

Aerobic respiration produces glucose as a byproduct, anaerobic produces lactic acid

Aerobic happens only in fungi and anaerobic happens only in animals

#90. Where does blood from the aorta travel to?

The lungs

The rest of the body

GCSE OCR Biology B Paper 2

Good Luck!

Results

#1. The respiratory system relies on diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Which of the following statements are correct?

#2. Name two resources that both animals and plants need to survive and reproduce? ? structure your answer like this: ..... and .....

#3. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction highest at an optimum pH?

#4. Through which process do chemicals move across synapses?

#5. Increases in thyroxine concentration in the blood cause a decrease in the amount of thyroxine released. What kind of feedback mechanism is this?

#6. What is the function of the cell wall?

#7. What is enzyme specificity?

#8. Which hormone is associated with the “fight or flight” response?

#9. Through which process would air freshener sprayed in one corner of a room disperse?

#10. Respiration from animals is a source of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere – do plants also use respiration?

#11. What is the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis?

#12. Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction increase with greater substrate concentration?

#13. Which of the following are the 4 factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis?

#14. Which hormone is released from the adrenal gland?

#15. What are the monomers of proteins?

#16. What is the purpose of respiration?

#17. During exercise, your cells require more oxygen and glucose. What changes in the body happen during exercise to meet these increased needs?

#18. Hormones are released by a range of glands, name one gland that releases hormones. ? do not include the word "gland" or "glands"

#19. What is meant by an active process?

#20. Name one hormone that is produced in the pancreas?

#21. Why is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction lower at lower temperatures?

#22. Upon the release of adrenaline do blood vessels widen, narrow or both?

#23. How many chromosomes does a single sperm cell have?

#24. What is the name of the chemicals that we use to transmit messages through the blood to organs?

#25. What is the equation for magnification?

#26. How do we describe the periodic changes in population size of predators and prey – explained by increases in numbers of predators due to increased numbers of prey and then decreasing numbers of prey due to increasing numbers of predators and so on?

#27. What is the resolution of electron microscopes limited by?

#28. Is the following statement accurate: nitrogen be can be moved back and forth from the atmosphere and into the soil by bacteria.

#29. Arteries carry blood around the body, do they carry blood away from or towards the heart?

#30. True or false – A concentration gradient is the difference in concentration from high to low?

#31. When fossil fuels are burned they release carbon into the atmosphere – which of the following are fossil fuels?

#32. Which of the following sub-cellular structures provides structure and support for the cell?

#33. What are nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

#34. Capillaries are only one cell thick and have thousands of branches. What is the function of capillaries?

#35. Which of the following descriptions best matches the hormonal system?

#36. Which of the following can we use to investigate the effect of abiotic factors on the distribution of organisms?

#37. Why do high breathing and heart rates remain after exercise?

#38. The left ventricle has a thicker muscle wall, why is this the case?

#39. Fill in the gap: Receptors detect pain and send impulses via the sensory neurone towards the spinal cord. The ………………… intercepts the signal and diverts it along motor neurones to the effectors (muscles) which quickly move away from the source of pain.

#40. What are the monomers of fats/lipids?

#41. Motor neurones carry impulses to which part of the nervous system?

#42. What do we call the process by which farmers change the crops they grow each year to maintain nitrogen in the soil?

#43. Glucose enters the body via the?

#44. True or false – A concentration gradient is a term used to explain how the moon moves in the night sky?

#45. Which of these processes allows saltwater to become potable?

#46. Which of the following is the correct word equation for aerobic respiration?

#47. Name one hormone that is released from the ovaries?

#48. Which type of white blood cells produce antibodies that stick to the antigens of pathogens?

#49. How do substances typically move into and out of the body, for example, oxygen in the lungs? ? 1 word answer

#50. Which of the following are prokaryotes?

#51. When is adrenaline released?

#52. In which sub-cellular structure inside plant cells does photosynthesis occur?

#53. What is the process by which organisms remove waste from their bodies?

#54. What does abundance measure?

#55. What is the role of DNA synthase?

#56. Which of the following are 3 of the adaptations of leaves for efficient photosynthesis?

#57. The Nervous System is made up of two parts, the Central Nervous System (CNS) and what other part?

#58. Why do plants need nitrogen?

#59. Which type of white blood cell engulfs (surrounds) foreign cells in order to digest them?

#60. What are biotic factors?

#61. Which sub-cellular structures can be found in plants?

#62. Which organisms maintain the nitrogen levels in the soil?

#63. Which of the following are strategies organisms use to adapt to changing abiotic conditions?

#64. What is the part of the heart that the arrows are pointing to?

#65. Cells are adapted to perform a specific function. Why do cells in the pancreas have lots of ribosomes?

#66. What effect does adrenaline have on the liver?

#67. What is the Induced Fit Model of enzyme action?

#68. Who invented the binomial naming system?

#69. How do most plants get their nitrogen?

#70. What is the role of protease?

#71. Growth is increased during puberty. Why is this?

#72. Which of the following plants have a mutualistic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

#73. Which system is responsible for ensuring the supply of oxygen and glucose to cells?

#74. What is the definition of resolution?

#75. What are the three domains?

#76. What is an active site?

#77. Which of the following is the equation for total magnification?